- Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
- Nascimento: 24 de novembro de 1864, Albi, França
- Falecimento: 9 de setembro de 1901, Saint-André-du-Bois, França
- Períodos: Pós-impressionismo, Art nouveau
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Mostrando postagens com marcador impressionismo. Mostrar todas as postagens
Mostrando postagens com marcador impressionismo. Mostrar todas as postagens
150 anos de Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
A dor passa
Embora Henri Matisse fosse 28 anos mais jovem que Auguste Renoir, os dois grandes pintores eram muito amigos e saíam sempre juntos. Quando Renoir ficou confinado em casa, na ultima década de sua vida, Matisse o visitava diariamente. Quase paralítico em função da artrite e apesar dos incômodos da doença, Renoir continuou a pintar. Um dia quando o contemplava pintando em seu ateliê, e gemendo de dor a cada pincelada, Matisse perguntou:
-Auguste, porque continua a pintar, com tanto sofrimento?
Renoir respondeu simplesmente:
- A dor passa, a beleza permanece.
Até os últimos dias, Renoir levou a tinta as telas. Um de seus quadros mais famosos, As banhistas, foi terminado dois dias antes de sua morte, 14 anos depois que ele foi atingido pela enfermidade.
da Coluna dominical de Paulo Coelho
Painting
Today in History: 1874 - Exhibition marks the beginning of the Impressionist movement
About 30 artists who were not accepted by the jury of the Salon de Paris Official expose themselves decide on April 15, 1874, his works in the studio of photographer Felix Tournachon, better known by his nickname Nadar. The exhibition, organized by "Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors and Engravers," was composed of Pissarro, Monet, Sisley, Degas, Renoir, Cezanne, Guillaumin and Berthe Morisot. A few days later, the critic Louis Leroy in a review about the exhibition, spoke of "Impressionists" with reference to the title of a painting by Claude Monet: "Impression soleil levant" (Print of the Rising Sun.)
Earlier in 1863, Edouard Manet painted the most famous painting of his work. Would be exposed in the same year at the Salon des Refuses and critics bothered by the nudity of a woman eating lunch on the grass in the company of two men dressed. In this work, "Le Dejeuner sur l'herbe, Manet breaks with academic techniques to use with the original characteristics of what would be the impressionism.
The Impressionist style of painting was characterized mainly by concentrating on the general impression produced by a scene or object and the use of primary colors without mixing them and small strokes to simulate actual reflected light.Moreover, the shadows are no longer opaque, disappear the light-dark contrasts. His subjects were landscapes, dances, scenes of daily life, portraits and self portraits, regattas, seascapes and inland urban scenes.
Impressionism was a major artistic movement, first in the fine arts and later in music (Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel) that developed mainly in France during the last decades of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, more concentrated between 1867 and 1886 by work of a group of artists who shared between them themes, techniques and exhibitions. The principal Impressionist painters were Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Berthe Morisot, Armand Guillaumin and Frederic Bazille.
Edgar Degas and Paul Cézanne also painted in an Impressionist style for a time in the early 1870s.The well known painter Edouard Manet, whose work of the 1860s greatly influenced Monet and others of the group, also approached the impressionism in 1873.
The founders of Impressionism were animated by the desire to break with the official art. The official theory that the colors should be placed in neat screen rather than mixing them on the palette would be respected by a few of them and only a short time. In fact, Impressionism was more a state of mind than a technique, so that artists from other areas could also be described as impressionistic.Many of these painters ignored the rule of simultaneous contrast as established by Chevreul in 1823. The terms "independent" or "outdoor painters" might be more appropriate to classify those that Impressionist artists carrying on the tradition inherited from Eugène Delacroix, who considered that the design and colors were a whole.
The Franco-Prussian War of 1870 broke these pioneers. Bazille was killed in Beaune-la-Rolande, Renoir was mobilized; Degas started as a volunteer; Cézanne retired to Provence, Pissarro, Monet and Sisley moved to London where they meet Paul Durand-Ruel. This stay in London was a big step in the evolution of Impressionism, both because they have established contact with 'dealers' as found in the painting of Turner's analysis of the light that marked.
Back in Paris, most of the painters went to work at Argenteuil (Monet, Renoir), Chatou (Renoir), Marly (Sisley), or on the river Oise (Pissarro, Guillaumin, Cézanne). Edouard Manet painted the Seine with Claude Monet who, under his influence, adopted the outdoor work.
The biggest difference between them lay in the attraction of color and taste for light. However, Berthe Morisot remained faithful to the lessons of Manet, Degas merged his admiration of Ingres and the Italian Renaissance painters, Cézanne tried to grasp the nature of Poussin, Claude Monet himself, in the tables "Terrasse au Havre" and "Les Femmes au jardin (1866, Louvre, Jeu de Paume halls), was far audacity to announce his future.
About 30 artists who were not accepted by the jury of the Salon de Paris Official expose themselves decide on April 15, 1874, his works in the studio of photographer Felix Tournachon, better known by his nickname Nadar. The exhibition, organized by "Anonymous Society of Painters, Sculptors and Engravers," was composed of Pissarro, Monet, Sisley, Degas, Renoir, Cezanne, Guillaumin and Berthe Morisot. A few days later, the critic Louis Leroy in a review about the exhibition, spoke of "Impressionists" with reference to the title of a painting by Claude Monet: "Impression soleil levant" (Print of the Rising Sun.)
Earlier in 1863, Edouard Manet painted the most famous painting of his work. Would be exposed in the same year at the Salon des Refuses and critics bothered by the nudity of a woman eating lunch on the grass in the company of two men dressed. In this work, "Le Dejeuner sur l'herbe, Manet breaks with academic techniques to use with the original characteristics of what would be the impressionism.
The Impressionist style of painting was characterized mainly by concentrating on the general impression produced by a scene or object and the use of primary colors without mixing them and small strokes to simulate actual reflected light.Moreover, the shadows are no longer opaque, disappear the light-dark contrasts. His subjects were landscapes, dances, scenes of daily life, portraits and self portraits, regattas, seascapes and inland urban scenes.
Impressionism was a major artistic movement, first in the fine arts and later in music (Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel) that developed mainly in France during the last decades of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, more concentrated between 1867 and 1886 by work of a group of artists who shared between them themes, techniques and exhibitions. The principal Impressionist painters were Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Berthe Morisot, Armand Guillaumin and Frederic Bazille.
Edgar Degas and Paul Cézanne also painted in an Impressionist style for a time in the early 1870s.The well known painter Edouard Manet, whose work of the 1860s greatly influenced Monet and others of the group, also approached the impressionism in 1873.
The founders of Impressionism were animated by the desire to break with the official art. The official theory that the colors should be placed in neat screen rather than mixing them on the palette would be respected by a few of them and only a short time. In fact, Impressionism was more a state of mind than a technique, so that artists from other areas could also be described as impressionistic.Many of these painters ignored the rule of simultaneous contrast as established by Chevreul in 1823. The terms "independent" or "outdoor painters" might be more appropriate to classify those that Impressionist artists carrying on the tradition inherited from Eugène Delacroix, who considered that the design and colors were a whole.
The Franco-Prussian War of 1870 broke these pioneers. Bazille was killed in Beaune-la-Rolande, Renoir was mobilized; Degas started as a volunteer; Cézanne retired to Provence, Pissarro, Monet and Sisley moved to London where they meet Paul Durand-Ruel. This stay in London was a big step in the evolution of Impressionism, both because they have established contact with 'dealers' as found in the painting of Turner's analysis of the light that marked.
Back in Paris, most of the painters went to work at Argenteuil (Monet, Renoir), Chatou (Renoir), Marly (Sisley), or on the river Oise (Pissarro, Guillaumin, Cézanne). Edouard Manet painted the Seine with Claude Monet who, under his influence, adopted the outdoor work.
The biggest difference between them lay in the attraction of color and taste for light. However, Berthe Morisot remained faithful to the lessons of Manet, Degas merged his admiration of Ingres and the Italian Renaissance painters, Cézanne tried to grasp the nature of Poussin, Claude Monet himself, in the tables "Terrasse au Havre" and "Les Femmes au jardin (1866, Louvre, Jeu de Paume halls), was far audacity to announce his future.
Pintura
[...] Hoje na História 1874 - Exposição marca o início do movimento impressionista
Cerca de 30 artistas que não foram aceitos pelo júri do Salão Oficial de Paris decidem expor eles mesmos, em 15 de abril de 1874, suas obras no ateliê do fotógrafo Félix Tournachon, mais conhecido pelo apelido de Nadar. A exposição, organizada pela “Sociedade Anônima de Pintores, Escultores e Gravadores”, era composta por Pissaro, Monet, Sisley, Degas, Renoir, Cezanne, Guillaumin e Berthe Morisot. Alguns dias depois, o crítico Louis Leroy numa resenha sobre a exposição, falou de “impressionistas” com referência ao título de um quadro de Claude Monet: "Impression soleil levant" (Impressão do Sol Levante).
Anteriormente em 1863, Edouard Manet pinta a mais famosa tela de sua obra. Seria exposta nesse mesmo ano no Salão dos Recusados e incomodaria os críticos pela nudez de uma mulher almoçando na relva na companhia de dois homens vestidos. Nesta obra, "Le Déjeuner sur l’herbe", Manet rompe com as técnicas acadêmicas para utilizar com originalidade as características do que viria a ser o impressionismo.
O estilo impressionista de pintura era caracterizado principalmente pela concentração na impressão geral produzida por uma cena ou objeto e pelo uso de cores primárias sem misturá-las e pequenas pinceladas para simular um real reflexo da luz. Além disso, as sombras deixam de ser foscas, desaparecem os contrastes claro-escuro. Seus temas eram paisagens, bailes, cenas da vida cotidiana, retratos e auto-retratos, regatas, paisagens marinhas e fluviais, cenas urbanas.
O impressionismo foi um grande movimento artístico, primeiro nas artes plásticas e mais tarde na música (Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel) que se desenvolveu principalmente na França nas últimas décadas do século XIX e princípios do século XX, mais concentradamente entre 1867 e 1886, por obra de um grupo de artistas que compartilhavam entre si temas, técnicas e exposições. Os principais pintores impressionistas foram Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Berthe Morisot, Armand Guillaumin e Frederic Bazille.
Edgar Degas e Paul Cezanne também pintaram em estilo impressionista durante um tempo no começo dos anos 1870. O já consagrado pintor Edouard Manet, cuja obra dos anos 1860 influenciou bastante Monet e outros do grupo, também se aproximou do impressionismo em 1873.
Os fundadores do impressionismo estavam animados pela vontade de romper com a arte oficial. A teoria oficial de que as cores deveriam ser colocadas puras na tela ao invés de misturá-las na palheta seria respeitada por poucos deles e apenas por pouco tempo. Na verdade, o impressionismo era mais um estado de espírito do que uma técnica, de modo que artistas de outras áreas também poderiam ser qualificados de impressionistas. Muitos desses pintores ignoravam a regra do contraste simultâneo como estabelecido por Chevreul em 1823. As expressões “independentes” ou “pintores ao ar livre” poderiam ser mais apropriados que impressionistas para qualificar esses artistas que levavam adiante a tradição herdada de Eugene Delacroix, quem considerava que desenho e cores constituíam um todo.
A Guerra Franco-Prussiana de 1870 separou esses pioneiros. Bazille foi assassinado em Beaune-la-Rolande; Renoir foi mobilizado; Degas partiu como voluntário; Cézanne retirou-se para Provença; Pissarro, Monet e Sisley se mudaram para Londres onde se encontram com Paul Durand-Ruel. Essa estada em Londres foi um grande passo na evolução do impressionismo, tanto porque estabeleceram contacto com ‘marchands’ quanto descobriram na pintura de Turner a análise da luz que os marcou.
De volta a Paris, a maioria dos pintores foi trabalhar em Argenteuil (Monet, Renoir), Chatou (Renoir), Marly (Sisley) ou às margens do rio Oise (Pissarro, Guillaumin, Cézanne). Edouard Manet pintou o Sena com Claude Monet quem, sob sua influência, adotou o trabalho ao ar livre.
A maior distinção entre eles residia na atração pela cor e o gosto pela luz. Todavia, Berthe Morisot permaneceu fiel às lições de Manet; Degas mesclou sua admiração por Ingres e os pintores da Renascença Italiana; Cézanne tentou captar a natureza de Poussin; o próprio Claude Monet, nos quadros “Terrasse au Havre” e “Les Femmes au jardin (1866, Louvre, salões do Jeu de Paume), estava longe de anunciar sua futura audácia.
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